CALCULATOR

CALCULATOR
I.
CALCULATOR
servus apud Romanos, a calculis, i. e. lapillis minutis, quos antiqui manu tenentes numeros componebant, dictus est. Ulpianus leg. 7. ff. de oper. Libert. Nam buius quoque est ministerium, si forte vel Librarius vel Miniculator vel Calculator sit: quae sane Ars nec ingenuos dedecuit, Modestinô teste leg. 15. ff. de excus. Tutor. Μηδ`ὲ λιβραρίους μηδὲ καλκοὺάτορας, ους διαψηφιςὰς λέγομεν. Ediscebant autem haec pueri cum primis literarum elementis. Isidor. Origin. l. 1. c. 3. Primordia Grammaticae Artis literae communes exsistunt, quas Librarii et Calculatores sequuntur, quorum disciplina velut quaedam Grammaticae Artis infantia est. Hinc Iul. Capitolin. de Helvio Pertinace Imp. c. 1. puer literis elementariis et calculô imbutus: et Horatius lepide l. 2. Ep. 3. ad Pisenem, v. 325.
Romani pueri longis rationibus assem
Discunt in parteis centum diducere, dicat
Filius Albini, si de quincunce remota est
Uncia, quid superat? poteras dixisse Triens. Hen
Rem poteris servare tuam, redit uncia: quid fit?
Semis.
Huiusque loci sunt, quae D. Augustinus Confess. l. 1. c. 13. receuset: Iam vero nunum et unum duo, duo et duo quatuor, odiosa cantio mihi erat: quae cantio hodieque auditur apud hosce Magistellos, qui antiquitus Canculones seu Calculones vocabantur. Vide quoque infra, ubi de Literarum primo informatore, it. voce Tabellio. Coeterum priscam illam calculandi rationem, ex Volusio Maeciano, quem edidit Elias Vinetus et ex tabella numeraria, cuius formam ac usum primus omnium in lucem produxit Marc. Velserus, perdiscere possumus. Vide quoque supra in voce Abacus, et infra in voce Numerandi ars. Et quidem Calculatores praefati, Ratiocinatori suberant, ut videbimus infra, voce Rationes, cui muneri in domo Caesarum Libertus plerumque praeponi solebat. Sed et Tabularios, qui rationes publicas tractabant, quosque memorant Arcadius et Honorius l. 5. Cod. Theodos. de Tabul. Logogr. et Cons. quod aliquando computarent, Numerarios et Calculatores vocatos legimus, etc. A calculis, ut dictum, huic ministerio nomen, quorum multiplici usu motus Pignorius, antiquos aliquot candidos lapillos Romae erutos, tum minutos, tum grandiusculos, in suo Comm. de Servis, apponi curavit, literis et quibusdam aliis caelaminibus insignes: quos is quidem arbitratur, non longe abesse ab Athleticis illis calculis, quibus ex Apocal. c. 2. v. 17. et eiusdem Enarratore Areta, lucem attulit Faber Agonist. l. 2. c. 33. Meminit Calculatovis Inscr. Veronae: V. F. P. CAECILIUS. EMPIRODIUS. VI. VIR. AUG. CALCULATOR. IUSTINAE. SALENAE. UXORI. ET. SIBI. apud TIt. Popman de operis Serv. Vide quoque infra Numerarii.
II.
CALCULATOR
vide Rogerius Suitetus.

Hofmann J. Lexicon universale. 1698.

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